Saturday, May 23, 2020
Essay on Buffy the Vampire Slayer - 5067 Words
Buffy the Vampire Slayer Mentors feature prominently in the Gothic genre. From Dr Van Helsing in Bram Stokers Dracula, who leads the young heroes into their quest to annihilate the Count, to Rupert Giles, the Watcher in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, older and more experienced adults have provided essential guidance for the younger protagonists of the genre. The differences in media of expression and the subsequent adaptations from novel to television series has not affected the presence of this character, more than a hundred years after the publication of Dracula in 1897. What also unites the novel and the series is their fin-de-sià ¨cle resonance. According to Elaine Showalter, sexually and socially subversive themes feature stronglyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The old man always appears when the hero is in a hopeless and desperate situation and needs guidance because his parents are absent or inadequate . Giles indeed appears as, to quote Xander in Never kill a boy on the first date (1:5), super librarian. Defined through his knowledge of books and his appetite for them, his strength is also typically his weakness, as his predicament in Nightmares (1:10) shows. His anguished though characteristically understated call, Im having a problem. I - I cant read, points to his Achilles heel. In the first three series of the show taking place in Sunnydale High, Giless lair is the library. After Buffy enrols in university, Giless bachelor flat becomes the de-facto library of the Scooby Gang. His bookishness defines him and gives him his role among the cast of protagonists. In Primeval (4.21), Giless contribution to the groups attack against Adam is his intelligence, Sophus, his mind. Giles is the brain of the group, Buffy the hand that strikes. Similarly, Van Helsing in Dracula intervenes in the novel when the young characters need someone with access to occult lore to explain Lucys ailment. His knowledge defines him too: Jack Seward refers to him for the first time as Professor Van Helsing, of Amsterdam, who knows as much about obscure diseases as anyone in the world (Dracula, 111), and alter as Van Helsing, the great specialist (Dracula, 117).Show MoreRelatedBuffy The Vampire Slayer Analysis942 Words à |à 4 PagesIn Gina Wiskerââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"Vampires and Sch ool Girls: High School Jinks on the Hellmouthâ⬠, she makes the point that Buffy is a new kind of women within vampire fictions. She supports this point by showing how Buffy is not a stereotypical helpless woman in a vampire film; Buffy is a strong independent woman who kills vampires and other creatures. While Wisker makes a very strong argument, this idea of a new kind of women could be extended to Willow and a new kind of men shown in Xander and Giles.Read MoreBuffy the Vampire Slayer Episode 4101787 Words à |à 7 PagesIn Buffy the Vampire Slayer episode 410 ââ¬Å"Hush,â⬠a group of demon-like creatures known as The Gentlemen take over Sunnydale, stealing the voices of everyone in the town and the hearts of seven random people. At this point in the series Buffy and Willow start college and Buffy meets a boy named Riley, who is a teacherââ¬â¢s aide in their class. During class Buffy has a dream of a little girl holding a wooden box who is singing a cryptic rhyme a bout The Gentlemen that says things like ââ¬Å"Canââ¬â¢t even shoutâ⬠Read More Buffy the Vampire Slayer Essay6510 Words à |à 27 PagesBuffy the Vampire Slayer While the first seasons of Buffy are structured around an external threat seeking to corrupt the order of the world, later the source of the threat becomes increasingly internal, and the characters must embrace a side of themselves which is evil, irrational, or dangerous. When Giles kills an arguably innocent Ben, he does not suffer the moral ambiguity that Willow encounters when she kills a guilty Warren. Willow has to deal with an evil internal to her in a way GilesRead More The Feminist Perspective of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Essay5032 Words à |à 21 PagesThe Feminist Perspective of Buffy the Vampire Slayer In her feminist critique of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Anne Millard Daughtey described Buffy as a show which obviously promotes female strength and power (159). Buffy herself is a symbol of female empowerment (149); as feminists we can all take comfort in the fact that Buffy kicks butt and so can we all (164). Sherryl Vint agrees that Buffy is a positive role model for young women, one which feminism should celebrate (para. 3). I findRead MoreBuffy the Vampire Slayer and the Horror Genre Essay877 Words à |à 4 PagesBuffy the Vampire Slayer and the Horror Genre Typically the Horror or more specifically Vampire genre will have the theme good vs. evil where the hero represents good and the villain represents evil. This is consistent in Buffy the Vampire Slayer as Buffy is the hero and the evil vampires she slays (in this episode Glory/Ben) represent evil. There is also a clichà © within this genre where good is always triumphant over evil. Buffy in this episode conforms to this clichà ©Read MoreEssay on Reasons for Popularity of Buffy The Vampire Slayer1515 Words à |à 7 PagesReasons for Popularity of Buffy The Vampire Slayer Vampire stories have been told for hundreds of years, and like all things, they have evolved with time. As technology has moved forward so did the stories, and vampire films soon became popular. These stories have recently moved onto the small screen, the most popular of which, a modern adaptation of the tradition vampire myth called Buffy the Vampire Slayer. This popular programme has a massive following here inRead MoreBuffy the Vampire Slayer as Horror Genre Essay831 Words à |à 4 PagesBuffy the Vampire Slayer as Horror Genre The horror genre has very set conventions and rules and horror films have stuck to these but in Buffy the vampire slayer a new set of rules are written. Joss Whedon has given the audience another dimension to horror by subverting the genre, in doing this the effectiveness of the program is increased. In the first episode BuffyRead MoreThe Power and Limitations of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Essay2234 Words à |à 9 Pagescultural sensations that does just this is Buffy the Vampire Slayer, and the main title character of the series, Buffy Summers herself. Yet is Buffy really as admirable as she seems to be on the surface? The fact is that for all the good that Buffy appears to do for her fans, there have been some very crucial issues in Women Studies that she has failed to lend her empowering nature to. This paper will discuss the powerful influence that Buffy the Vampire Slayer has over its viewers, and some of the problemsRead More A Feminist Reading of Buffy the Vampire Slayer Essay2992 Words à |à 12 PagesA Feminist Reading of Buffy the Vampire Slayer à à à à à à In numerous interviews, creator Joss Whedon has explained that the inspiration for Buffy the Vampire Slayer struck while he was watching horror films and TV shows in which pretty women run away from or get killed by monsters in alleyways. Whedon claims he wanted to give this paradigmatic girl-victim a new role: that of the monster-killing hero. Whedons explanation of his own artistic inspiration reveals at least two things aboutRead More Comparing Sexuality and Power in Dracula and Buffy the Vampire Slayer1657 Words à |à 7 PagesSexuality and Power in Dracula and Buffy the Vampire Slayer à At first glance, Joss Whedons Buffy the Vampire Slayer, the hour-long TV series which premiered in 1997 and is now in its third season, bears little resemblance to the book which started the vampire craze -- Bram Stokers Dracula, published a century earlier. And yet, looks can be deceiving. Although the trendy -- and often skimpy -- clothing and bandied about pop-culture references of Buffy clearly mark the series as a product
Monday, May 11, 2020
Milgrams The Perils of Obedience Essay - 1274 Words
Milgrams The Perils of Obedience Obedience is the requirement of all mutual living and is the basic element of the structure of social life. Conservative philosophers argue that society is threatened by disobedience, while humanists stress the priority of the individuals conscience. Stanley Milgram, a Yale psychologist, designed an experiment that forced participants to either violate their conscience by obeying the immoral demands of an authority figure or to refuse those demands. Milgrams study, reported in The Perils of Obedience suggested that under a special set of circumstances the obedience we naturally show authority figures can transform us into agents of terror or monsters towards humanity. The experiment consists ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦When Mrs. Brant started with the experiment she had no problem with it at first. After starting to hear the learners sounds of agony, she turned to the experimenter questioning him if she should continue; the experimenter without hesitation commanded her to do so. A second later she asked him again, then remarking firmly. She discussed with the experimenter about the learners medical condition. In this particular case the learner has heart problems. The experimenter explained to Mrs. Brant that the shocks may be painful but they are not dangerous and again asked her to continue with the experiment. At that point she was not willing to ask the experimenter to stop anymore; she then wanted to ask the learner himself. She told the experimenter that she would continue only if the learner wished to. The experimenter once again told her she had no choice and that she was obligated to continue. She then refused to go further and the e xperiment was terminated. Mrs. Brant claimed that she was not nervous or tense, and that what she did feel was that the learner was in extreme pain and that she did not want to be responsible for any harm done to him. The experimenter claimed that Mrs. Brants behavior is what was indeed expected an he also envisions that this particular behavior would be true for almost all subjects. After some research the experimenter obtained opinions about the outcome of the experiment from psychiatrists, college sophomores,Show MoreRelatedComparative Analysis Of Stanley Milgrams The Perils Of Obedience1461 Words à |à 6 PagesComparative Analysis The purpose of Stanley Milgram writing his ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedience,â⬠is to show to what extent an individual would contradict his/her moral convictions because of the orders of an authority figure (Milgram 78). He constructed an experiment wherein an experimenter instructs a naà ¯ve subject to inflict a series of shocks of increasing voltage on a protesting actor. Contrary to Milgramââ¬â¢s expectations, about sixty percent of the subjects administered the highest voltage shock. (MilgramRead MoreA Critique Of Stanley Milgram s The Perils Of Obedience 1064 Words à |à 5 PagesRochelle Jarmer Composition 2 Karsten Piper Due Date: 6/27/15 A Critique of Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s: ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedienceâ⬠Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s article, ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedience,â⬠first appeared in the December 1973 issue of Harperââ¬â¢s Magazine. In the article, Milgram, a psychologist at Yale University, presented the thesis that ââ¬Å"Obedience is a deeply ingrained behavior tendency , indeed a potent impulse overriding training in ethics, sympathy and moral conduct .â⬠To prove his point, Milgram conductedRead MoreZimbardos Psychological Experiment and Fromms Correlation942 Words à |à 4 Pagesand obedience in human beings. Thus like Zimbardoââ¬â¢s experiment, Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Peril of Obedienceâ⬠found that under certain circumstances and conditions, human beings were also capable of being immensely subdued to authority and obedient when told to shock the student. Beyond this, however, is a bigger picture in which Zimbardo and Milgram present in various ways. Although both experiments were psychologically cruel, both Zimbardoââ¬â¢s Stanford Prison Experiment and Milgramââ¬â¢s The Peril of ObedienceRead MoreThe Effects Of Deceit : A Look At The Stanley Milgram Experiment1201 Words à |à 5 Pagesstudies, for example the Stanley Milgram Experiments, are falsified and irrelevant. In ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedienceâ⬠Stanley Milgram, an experienced psychologist at Yale, explains how the human mind reacts to commands when placed under extreme stress. However, Diana Baumrind, a clinical and developmental psychologist, disagrees with Milgram in her article ââ¬Å"Review of Stanley Milgram s Experiments on Obedienceâ⬠; she opposes Milgrams use of unsuspecting participants in his experiment. In opposition toRead MoreThe Perils of Obedience, by Stanley Milgram1499 Words à |à 6 Pagespeople would answer ââ¬Å"no,â⬠to imposing pain on innocent human beings but Milgram wanted to go further with his study. Writing and Reading across the Curriculum holds a shortened edition of Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"T he Perils of Obedience,â⬠where he displays an eye-opening experiment that tests the true obedience of people under authority figures. He observes that most people go against their natural instinct to never harm innocent humans and obey the extreme and dangerous instructions of authority figuresRead MoreThe Perils Of Obedience, By Philip Zimbardo Essay1452 Words à |à 6 Pagesconducted a disputable, but highly revered, study on obedience. The experiment was designed to test peopleââ¬â¢s morals versus an extreme authority, but, as predicted, obedience prevailed. Then in 1973, Philip G. Zimbardo created his own experiment, not unlike Milgramââ¬â¢s, that analyzed the potential of individuals to withstand the pressure of succumbing to an obedient role based on the environment. Both Stanley Milgram, author of ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedience,â⬠and Philip Zimbardo, author of ââ¬Å"The Stanford PrisonRead MoreMilgram vs. Baumrind920 Words à |à 4 Pageslevel of obedienc e. Many of Milgramââ¬â¢s colleagues admired his intricate experiment, and thought that he provided valid information on the complexity of obedience. One of his colleagues, Diana Baumrind, however, strongly disagreed with Milgram and has good reasons to criticize his experiment. She thought his experiment was unethical and very harmful to the social well-being of the participants. In her article, ââ¬Å"Review of Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s Experiments on Obedienceâ⬠, she castigated Milgramââ¬â¢s experimentRead MoreStanley Milgram vs. Diana Baumrind1671 Words à |à 7 PagesObedience: Does it have its limits? When individuals abandon their own freedom for the benefit of the larger group, they are no longer individuals but products of conformity. Obedience to authority can become dangerous when morals and independent thought are stifled to the point that harm is inflicted upon another person. The Perils of Obedience by Stanley Milgram reports on his controversial experiment that test how far individuals would go in obeying orders, even if carrying out those ordersRead MoreObedience, By Stanley Milgram Tore1653 Words à |à 7 Pages I. Overview Out of all the topics we have gone over the course of this class, obedience fascinates me the most. It is perplexing, thought provoking, and morally confusing. Obedience is paramount to the structure of our society yet stories of destructive obedience haunt us. From the atrocities of the Holocaust to the massacres in Vietnam we glimpse at the horrors humans are capable of. All the while, perpetrators vindicate their actions with relative ease. The justification for every genocideRead MoreObedience Is, As Stanley Milgram Writes, ââ¬Å"As Basic An Element1219 Words à |à 5 PagesObedience is, as Stanley Milgram writes, ââ¬Å"as basic an element in the structure of social life as one can point toâ⬠(Milgram 1). The act of obedience holds positive connotations, but the sometimes negative effects of blind obedience are explored in Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Perils of Obedienceâ⬠and Diana Baumrindââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Review of Stanley Milgramââ¬â¢s Experiments on Obedience.â⬠Though Milgram does analyze how the subjects of the experiment blame their actions on the experimenters, Baumrind argues the bad effects
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Financial crisis in Kazakhstan Free Essays
Introduction The purpose of this paper is to describe 2007-2009 global financial crisis reasons and define its consequences for Kazakhstan economy. From the very beginning of year 2007 global economies faced series major economic and financial problems. Many economists consider events started in 2007 as the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s and the latest phase of the evolution of financial markets under the radical financial deregulation process that began in the late 1970s. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial crisis in Kazakhstan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since the Great Depression in 1930s almost everyone believed that financial arkets need to be regulated to be stable, avoid fraud and manipulation. The strict financial regulatory system was created by US government to protect the country from mentioned dangers. It worked effectively through the 1960s. Economic and financial turbulence in the 1970s and early 1980s led to both a paradigm and a policy regime shift. Efficient financial market theory and new classical macro theory replaced the existing system of tight financial regulation. Such developments facilitated the transition to a new globally-integrated deregulated neoliberal capitalism. As a result the world faced the threat of total collapse of large financial institutions, the bailout of banks by national governments, and downturns in stock markets around the world. In many areas, the housing market also suffered, resulting in evictions, foreclosures and prolonged unemployment. The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of US dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008-2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis. 2. Reasons Attempting to identify the factors that caused the global financial crisis is a discussion which has been raging over the last few years, with some people pointing to one area, and others looking at other guilty ones for what has been one of the most devastating and groundbreaking events of the economy in recent memory. The global financial crisis might seems to be that it hasnââ¬â¢t affected ordinary people, but this certainly isnââ¬â¢t the case, as regular workers in some of the massive companies that have been bankrupted have become unemployed, and cities and towns across he United States have been decimated if a major employer in the area has gone out of business. There are a number of factors which are generally pointed to when looking at the reasons that triggered the global financial crisis. One of the main reasons which is often pointed to as one of the main triggers of the global financial crisis are the mortgage derivative products, where risky mortgages were packaged with more traditionally secure mortgages and sold to corporate investors and other banks as secure investment products. This packaging of mortgages is generally ccepted to have masked the real risks that were linked with such a product, which gradually grew as lending criteria were loosened in the first five or six years of the twenty first century. Between 1997 and 2006, the price of the typical American house increased by 124%. During the two decades ending in 2001, the national median home price ranged from 2. 9 to 3. 1 times median household income. This ratio rose to 4. 0 in 2004, and 4. 6 in 2006. This housing bubble resulted in quite a few homeowners refinancing their homes at lower interest rates, or financing consumer spending by aking out second mortgages secured by the price appreciation. By September 2008, average U. S. housing prices had declined by over 20% from their mid-2006 peak. Easy credit, and a belief that house prices would continue to appreciate, had encouraged many subprime borrowers to obtain adjustable-rate mortgages. How to cite Financial crisis in Kazakhstan, Papers
Thursday, April 30, 2020
Return To Bitter Creek Essays - Lacey, , Term Papers
Return To Bitter Creek Return to Bitter Creek takes place in Bitter Creek, North Carolina, during current times. There are many acres of beautiful land. There are a lot of trees and plants. The weather is seasonal, although mild during the winter. Most of the action occurs at a farm, and in a house. Although the story involves family conflicts, and could take place anywhere, the setting was relevant to this plot because a lot of what happened involved nature, horses, and rural jobs. Lacey Bittner is the main character. She is a teen-aged girl who lived with her mother, Campbell, and her mother's boyfriend, David. Lacey is upfront, honest, hard working, efficient, and kind. When someone is rude she tells them how she feels. For example, she tells her mother when she thinks her mother is being inconsiderate. Whenever she has a job to do, like making a cabin in the trees, or clearing the pasture for the horse, she gets to it right away, and continues until it's done, even late at night. She tries to fit all her activities in, including school, sports, and taking care of her horse; she is responsible. Even though her mother doesn't get along with the rest of the family, Lacey is still pleasant to them. The main conflict is man vs. man. This is a story about a family who just can't get along with each other. There are personality conflicts between mothers and daughters, and cousins and cousins. There is squabbling over such things as who can spend time with whom, and who will drive to school. Campbell, Lacey's mother, lived in Bitter Creek her whole life, but she didn't get along with her family, especially her mother. She moved away to Clio, Colorado with Lacey, being single. She met a man name David. They were very close and lived together, but weren't married. They moved back to Bitter Creek, North Carolina because David found a blacksmith job there. When they arrived in Bitter Creek, they bought a little house. Lacey went to school with her cousin Tam. Campbell didn't like the idea of Grandmother bringing Lacey to school, so she tried to keep her on the bus. Although Lacey's mother is protective, Lacey manages to make new friends and spend time with her grandmother. During the summer Lacey was bored because Campbell and David were always working. Tam and Lacey became good friends, although they have some fights. Lacey learns a lot about wildflowers from a book David gave her and from her grandmother. One day Lacey comes home to find out that David bought seven acres of land. The family decided to clear the pasture, build a fence, and get a horse. The extended family always had Sunday dinners, frequently at David and Campbell's house, but Campbell, Grandmother, and Tam rarely came. Every one else has a great time and loved to ride the horse. Lacey named the horse Polly. Lacey joins the flag corps team when school started again. David and Lacey build a cabin in the trees. Lacey was always busy with many activities aside from the cabin, which she didn't get to work on as much as she would have liked. One day while David was working on the cabin he had an accident and died. This is the climax of the story. After this the family comes together (sort of) and learns to accept each other. Uncle Kenny and Lacey finish the cabin. Campbell mopes around because David died. One night Campbell and Lacey had to move to the barn because there was no money to pay for the house; the barn had been paid for for several months by David. Lacey used to go to folk dances with Campbell and David a lot, but she never had the courage to dance in front of anyone. Finally she did with her family. Lacey's mother became friendly with Grandmother again. Campbell finished one of David's blacksmithing jobs and got $2000. Polly had a baby horse and Lacey named it Trillium (a wildflower). Grandmother made a beautiful quilt and gave it to Campbell and Lacey. Everyone tried to get along with each other. I absolutely loved this book. I would recommend this book to
Saturday, March 21, 2020
The gap between the rich and the poor today essays
The gap between the rich and the poor today essays The gap between rich and poor in the world today. In the world of 1995, there are still huge differeces between rich and poor, developed and less developed countries. But why? Who is to blame? What can we do about it? Many things have been tried out to solve these problems, but does it work? It seems bizarre, that we, modern, intelligent people, have not yet succeded to get rid of the differences between DCs (developed countries) and LDCs (less developed countries). We try, don't we? Every year, we grant 2% of our Gross National Product, GNP, to foreign aid to help the LDCs to get a better standard of living (better agriculture, more and better schools and hospitals, access to health personell, medicines, etc.). On the other hand, is our "standard of living" the best for LDCs, and the one we should impose on them? For instance, what is the point of giving complex macinery like tractors and harvesters, which need expensive fuel and maintenance, to people who have harvested their crops by manpower for hundreds of years? We know for a fact that the money we grant is not being used adequately. A lot of the money is taken by the governments of the less developed countries, and a great amount of the sum are not being used to the purposes they are meant for. Bribery and corruption are huge problems in developing countries. It makes more sense to dig wells for people who walk for miles every day to get their daily water supply, than to support officials with BMWs and grand houses. The World Bank was established, and a large amound of capital was poured in, despite of the fact that the Third World lacked the level of infrastructure, the economic and social background, and the skilled personnel of Europe. The failure of this model of economic development to produce economic well-being and growth for most Third World countries is due to a number of factors. These factors include the concentration of economic resources in the...
Wednesday, March 4, 2020
WSJ and NPR Miss the Mark on Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS)
WSJ and NPR Miss the Mark on Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) Resume Oblivion has been a hot topic in the news. The Wall Street Journal published an article, Your Resume vs. Oblivion, reporting that the percentage of large companies using computerized Applicant Tracking Systems to screen candidates is in the high 90%; almost all Fortune 500 companies rely on these programs. The article points out that the systems, which can cost from $5,000 to millions of dollars, are efficient, but not foolproof.à Specifically, Tracking software à may miss the most-qualified applicant if that person doesnt game the system by larding [sic I think they mean loading] his or her rà ©sumà © with keywords from the job description. The article offers advice, which I recommend reading, on How to Beat the Black Hole.' However, the advice is not comprehensive.à The first item, for instance, instructs job seekers to mimic the keywords in the job description as closely as possible. If youre applying to be a sales manager, make sure your rà ©sumà © includes the words sales and manage (assuming youve done both!). Pardon me for saying so, but the above advice is 1) rudimentary, 2) a no-brainer and 3) limited in its value. The problem is that 99% of the people applying for a sales manager job are going to have the words sales and manageà in their resumes! Therefore, you will not get higher on any list by including these keywords. The same goes for most of the keywords in the job description, since many job seekers are getting savvy about matching their resumes to the posting. The Wall Street Journal is not the only major news provider who delivered misleading or incomplete information on this topic. Take NPRs 16-minute segment entitled Keeping Your Resume Out of Online Oblivion, where callers related stories of how they got interviews despite the reign of Applicant Tracking Systems.à View it here: You will hear some creative solutions in this spot on how to make it past the computers. You will also hear something misleading:à that hiring managers (i.e., human beings) program the ATS software to screen for certain terms. Do you really think that a company like Google or Starbucks is going to have a human being sit there and punch keywords into a computer for each of the thousands of jobs they post every day? Think again. No, human beings do not program these systems the systems program themselves! The keywords the computers are looking for are determined by the computers. And this is why qualified candidates are so often overlooked.
Monday, February 17, 2020
Law Case Study about Charity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
Law Case Study about Charity - Research Paper Example Lord Parkerââ¬â¢s observation in Bowman v Secular Society Limited it therefore instructive. According to Lord Parker, a gift is charitable if it is for the ââ¬Å"benefit of the public and recognized as ââ¬Å"charitable in the legalâ⬠sense rather than in the ââ¬Å"popular senseâ⬠.2 A trust is legal if it is for at least one of four identified purposes: ââ¬Å"relief of poverty; advancement of education; advancement of religion; and for other purposes beneficial to the communityâ⬠.3 A gift to the homeless can thus be said to be for the relief of poverty. According to Kitto J. poverty exists with an individual cannot afford the bare necessities ââ¬Å"for a modest standard of living in the Australian community.â⬠4 Being homeless would certainly meet the criteria of poverty and thus is a legal charitable trust and as such is a valid trust. Moreover, a gift for the relief of poverty does not have to be specifically for the benefit of the public. It can be for an y number of individuals. The rationale is that relief of the poor is beneficial to the public in general.5 Paragraph 3(b): The gift described in Paragraph 3(b) must likewise meet the legal charity requirement in order to be a valid gift. The only category that this gift can fall under is for the advancement of education. ... fit on the public.7 In order to qualify as beneficial to the public the gift is required to be for either the public or for a section of the public and must not be associated with a particular private organization so as to make it a group of private individuals.8 The gift in Paragraph 3(b) does not identify or favour a specific company or organization or individuals. It provides for the briefing of any business people participating in the North Australian export market with East and South Asia. Thus the gift is for a public class of beneficiaries rather than a private class and therefore is a legal charitable trust for the advancement of education.9 Paragraph 3(c): The trust described in paragraph 3(c) appears on its face to be a charitable trust for the advancement of education. The trust speaks to spending the trust funds designated for this gift on a charitable organization that educates the public relative to the desirability of amending the Northern Territory (Self Government) A ct. However, such a gift will not likely be regarded as a legal charitable trust since it seeks to support a cause directed at changing a legislative provision. It was held in National Anti-Vivisection Society v Inland Revenue that a gift designed to support of make changes in the law is not a charitable trust.10 Thus this particular gift will fail as a charitable purpose trust. The only way for the gift to succeed is if it meets the requirements of an ordinary trust. The gift described in paragraph 3(c) does not specify a group for the purpose of an ordinary trust. It is not definitive enough for the court to execute and would only survive if it were a charitable gift.11 As a result, the shares designated to paragraph 3(c) will be regarded as an undisposed of gift and will fall to Foina
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